Clinical Evaluation of Modern Biomaterials (Vascular Endoprostheses) in Rhinoplasty for Rhinolordosis (Saddle Nose Deformity)
V.V. Didenko, V.I. Didenko, Zaporizhzhia Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Ukraine. It is known that the nose is the primary determinant of facial aesthetics. Changing the shape and size of the nose can dramatically impact a person's appearance. This is one of the main reasons why nasal surgery is so common. Rhinolordosis (saddle nose) is one of the most common deformities of the external nose. The most common causes of rhinolordosis include trauma, technical errors during nasal septum surgery, suppuration of a septal hematoma with melting of the cartilaginous framework, and specific infections. Rhinolordosis plastic surgery in the vast majority of cases requires the use of a wide variety of plastic materials, both biological and non-biological. Additional surgical trauma during autograft harvesting, resorption or rejection of allografts, and deformation and repositioning of implants in the late postoperative period make the search for more advanced plastic materials necessary and highly relevant. The aim of our study was a clinical evaluation of the efficacy and feasibility of using modern biomaterials (vascular endoprostheses) for rhinoplasty for rhinolordosis. The primary objectives of the study were to develop a new method for rhinolordosis repair using a vascular endoprosthesis (VE), to study the immediate and long-term results of such procedures, to analyze complications in the early and late postoperative periods, and to determine principles for their treatment and prevention. We observed 39 patients aged 15 to 47 years. Primary rhinoplasty was performed in 31 patients, and secondary rhinoplasty in 8. Vascular endoprostheses from the Danish manufacturer GORE-TEX and the St. Petersburg-based PO Sever were used for rhinoplasty. Currently, extensive positive experience has been accumulated worldwide using such biomaterials for the reconstruction of various organs and vascular prosthetics. Modern SEs, in their properties, closely resemble human tissue. They are bioinert, quickly integrate into surrounding tissues, are elastic, non-teratogenic, and highly resistant to infection, which is an advantage and fundamentally distinguishes them from all previously known and used plastic materials. The rhinoplasty procedure is as follows: an adequate bed was created in the tissues of the nasal dorsum through an open approach. The SE was shaped according to the size of the nasal dorsum defect and inserted into the resulting tunnel. The surgery concluded with the application of a contour adhesive bandage. All patients were prescribed broad-spectrum antibiotics parenterally for 5-7 days. No complications were observed in the immediate or late postoperative periods. The cosmetic effect of rhinoplasty was good in all patients in the late postoperative period. All patients experienced moderate and short-lived swelling and reactivity around the SE, and pain was minor. In the late postoperative period, the SE integrated into the surrounding tissues and never showed through the skin. Our clinical studies demonstrate that modern biomaterials (SE) are advanced plastic materials that best meet the needs and requirements of rhinoplasty. The use of SE in rhinolordosis repair is highly effective and consistently achieves good long-term cosmetic results.